Geology

= Link between units: How does the transfer of energy affect Earth's processes? =

=//**Misconceptions:**//= //***Rocks have to be large, heavy, & jagged**// //***Smaller fragments of rocks are considered "stones"**// //***Rocks are not natural if they are cut & polished. They must be untouched by man.**// //***Mountains are made of molten "rock"**// //***All mountains are or were volcanoes**//

=**Geology Learning Goals and Standards:**= **4-2: Evaluate how the geosphere is continually interacting through processes that transfer energy.**

//**Concept 1: Geologic changes are driven by convection currents in the mantle.**//

5.2.B.8.a-c a. Explain convection currents are the result of uneven heating inside the mantle resulting in the melting of rock materials, convection of magma, eruption/flow of magma, and movement of crustal plates b. Explain how rock layers are affected by the folding, breaking, and uplifting of rock layers due to plate motion c. Describe how the movement of crustal plates can cause earthquakes and volcanic eruptions that can result in mountain building and trench formation Terri Johnson || A Foldable to reinforce the layers of the earth and key vocabulary || http://mjksciteachingideas.com/pdf/EarthFoldable.pdf || Terri Johnson || These 3 resources help to build understanding of the layers of the earth and the processes that are going on in each of them. || * ** [|Interactives Dynamic Earth: Earth's Structure] (Your teachers' favorite!)  ** Carla Johnson || Easy quiz to do a quick check on vocabulary. || || Have students search for the Plate Tectonic Gizmo || Carla Johnson || Formative Assessment. We had students create a story telling how a specific landform was created. Once done, students could comment on other stories to see if they could tell what was happening. Here is a link to student examples: [|Patriot Page 2nd Hour] || media type="custom" key="14209572" Landforms used: ||
 * **Topic** || **Shared by** || **Description** || **Attachment** ||
 * Earth Layers Foldable || Carla Johnson
 * Earth Layers Reading Resources || Carla Johnson
 * **[|The Earth's Layers] **
 * **The Textbook, Our Changing Earth, pages 10-11 ** ||
 * Earth Layers Card Sort || Terri Johnson || Card Sort we used as a Memory Game. Students had to find matches to pick up the cards. Some were to definitions, some to diagrams. || [[file:Layers of the Earth Matching Game.pages]] ||
 * Complex Text over what is happening in the asthenosphere || Terri Johnson || A complex text for students to read. We used the focus question: What are some possible reasons the tectonic plates may be moving. Article is also good to highlight how science is a body of knowledge that is always evolving based on new evidence. || ** [|New understanding of Earth's mantle beneath the Pacific Ocean] ** ||
 * Earth Layers Quiz || Terri Johnson
 * Plate Tectonic Map || Terri Johnson || Google Map that can be manipulated to see plate boundaries and land forms. || ** [|Plate Tectonic Map] ** ||
 * Plate Tectonic Draw with me Activity || Terri Johnson || Students can look at the animation and learn what is happening at the Plate Boundaries || ** [|Plate Tectonic Draw with me Activity] ** ||
 * Plate Tectonics Gizmo || Terri Johnson Carla Johnson || This is the best plate tectonics simulation that I have found. Unfortunately, it costs money. You could see if you could get a Trial Membership to check it out. Comes with both teacher and student resources. || [|Explore Learning]
 * Model for Seafloor Spreading and Subduction || Terri Johnson || I think this model would be awesome for our kinesthetic learners. HOWEVER, I could not figure out how to build this model. So, if anyone wants to help me build some of these, I would appreciate it. || [|How to Build a Model of Seafloor Spreading and Subduction] ||
 * Plate Tectonics Card Sort || Carla Johnson || Card sort for convergent, divergent, and transform boundaries || [[file:plate boundary card sort.docx]] ||
 * Website for Understanding Plate Tectonics || Terri Johnson || A website from the USGS to explain plate tectonics. || [|Understanding Plate Tectonics] ||
 * Tell Me a Story of Geology || Terri Johnson
 * Practice Quiz/Plate Tectonics || Found online (not ours) || Practice Test for Plate Tectonics. Some of the questions are good! || [| Plate Tectonic Practice Test] ||
 * Plate Boundaries Checkpoint || Josh Callaway || Quiz || [[file:Plate boundary ident pg1.docx]][[file:Plate boundary ident pg 2.docx]][[file:Plate boundary quiz pg 3.docx]] ||
 * Plate Boundaries Checkpoint || Carla Johnson || Right now, it has only 9 questions. We could add others. Quiz || [[file:geology-1-plate-boundaries quiz.pdf]] ||


 * Linking Question: What other factors affect geologic formations? **


 * //Concept 2: The formation of rocks involves a sequence of internal and external geological processes.//**

5.2.C.8.a-c a. Explain how heating and cooling in the mantle layer leads to the formation of metamorphic rocks and some igneous rocks b. Make inferences about the formation of igneous and metamorphic rocks from their physical properties (e.g., crystal size indicates rate of cooling, air pockets or glassy texture indicate volcanic activity) c. Explain and diagram the external and internal processes of the rock cycle (e.g., weathering and erosion, sedimentation, compaction, heating, recrystallization, resurfacing due to forces that drive plate motion) Cycle || Carla Johnson || Rock cycle review card activity || ||
 * Topic || Shared by || Description || Attachment ||
 * Rock

Materials and Resources available to teach these:
**Rock Cycle Online Simulation** http://www.classzone.com/books/ml_science_comp/page_build.cfm?id=resour_ch3&mod=6#%23 On the right side of the webpage, select "Rock Cycle" under "Simulations".


 * Linking Question: What do rock and rock formations tell us about the changing Earth? **

//**Concept 3: Rock, rock formations, and fossils help us to determine age, history, changing life forms, and environment of the Earth.**// 5.2.D.8.a-b a. Describe the methods used to estimate geologic time and the age of the Earth (e.g., techniques used to date rocks and rock layers, presence of fossils) b. Use rock and fossil evidence to make inferences about the age, history, and changing life forms and environment of the Earth (i.e., changes in successive layers of sedimentary rock and the fossils contained within them, similarities between fossils in different geographic locations, similarities between fossils and organisms present today, fossils of organisms indicating changes in climate, fossils of extinct organisms)
 * Show me Content/Knowledge standards: SC-5 processes (such as plate movement, water cycle, air flow) and interactions of earth’s biosphere, atmosphere, lithosphere and hydrosphere ||
 * Performance/Process Standards: 1.10 apply acquired information, ideas and skills to different contexts as students, workers, citizens and consumers ||
 * Linking Question: How does Earth's processes affect the properties of rocks and minerals? **

//**Concept 4: Rocks and minerals have distinguishing properties that are used to identify and classify.**//

4-1: Categorize the components of the geosphere.
5.1.A.8.a-d b. Describe the distinguishing properties that can be used to classify minerals (i.e., texture, smell, luster, hardness, crystal shape, streak, reaction to magnets and acids) c. Describe the methods used to identify the distinguishing properties of minerals a. Differentiate between minerals and rocks (which are composed of different kinds of minerals) d. Classify rocks as sedimentary, igneous, or metamorphic


 * Show me Content/Knowledge standards: SC-5 processes (such as plate movement, water cycle, air flow) and interactions of earth’s biosphere, atmosphere, lithosphere and hydrosphere ||
 * Performance/Process Standards: 3.5 reason inductively from a set of specific facts and deductively from general premises ||


 * =Topic= || =Shared by= || =Description of lesson= || =Attachments= ||